Background Information
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the complications in various population and ýsocieties, mostly the developing countries. These patients suffer from retention of undesirable ýsubstance in blood stream due to renal or kidney failure. The incidence of ESRD is increasing ýworldwide at an annual rate of 8% (Bamgboye, 2003, p. 93). Statistics show that in different ýcountries one of 1000 general populations suffers from this chronic debilitating disease. The ýmodality for treatment of these patients is Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal dialysis (PD), and ýKidney Transplantation. ý
During HD blood is sent from the body to an outside machine (dialyser) that filters out the ýwaste and extra fluids then blood return to body. HD is the most popular method for treating ýESRD's patients in the world. Nearly one million people are receiving HD worldwide ýý(Bamgboye, 2003, p. 93). ý
PD is an alternative treatment to hemodialysis, this form of dialysis is usually performed ýby the patient at home. PD occurs inside the body using the peritoneal membrane (the lining of ýthe abdomen) as a filter. This membrane also covers the organs, which lie within the abdominal ýcavity. The peritoneal membrane is semi permeable, allowing certain size substances to pass ýthrough it (Luongo, 2003, p. 249). However, PD practical for patients with high education and ýafter one year using PD patients will be faced with complications. For these reasons, today, PD ýhas very low proportion in dialysis treatment in the world (Barsoum, 2002, p. 740).ý
Kidney Transplantation is very expensive substitute, which is not available for every one. ýIt need so many prolegomenon work and it need another healthy donor patient who give one of ýhis kidney or very professional cadaver ...