Four frames of organization
Structural Frame:
• Focuses on roles and responsibilities, coordination, and control. Organization charts help define this frame.
• Exist to achieve goals and objectives
• Increase efficiency through specialization and division of labor
• Have coordination and controls to align work to goals and objectives
Human Resources Frame:
• Focuses on providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people.
• People and organizations need each other; people need careers; organizations need the energy of people.
• it undermines the relationships
Political Frame
• Assumes organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. Conflict and power are key issues.
• emphasis is on tactics and strategies—not conflict resolution
Symbolic frame
• Focuses on symbols and meanings related to events. Culture is important.
• seeps into the culture
• maintain image of accountability and responsiveness; negotiate a new social order
PMt Tools and Techniques
Project management tools and techniques assist project managers and their teams in various aspects of project management.
Specific tools and techniques include:
Project charters, scope statements, and WBS (scope).
Gantt charts, network diagrams, critical path analyses, critical chain scheduling (time).
Cost estimates and earned value management (cost).
Project Manager Roles
...