Definition of scientific management
Scientific management (also called Taylorism, the Taylor system, or the Classical Perspective) is a theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflow processes, improving labor productivity.
The core ideas of the theory were developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s, and were first published in his monographs, Shop Management (1905) and The Principles of Scientific Management (1911). Taylor believed that decisions based upon tradition and rules of thumb should be replaced by precise procedures developed after careful study of an individual at work.
A school of management developed between 1910 and 1940 which was based upon a logical and rational approach with an emphasis on making people work more efficiently by breaking down large tasks into smaller components and clearly defining how the job should be done and how long it should take.
He was among the first experts who systematically tried to formulate some universal management principles:
Workers should have a detailed, clearly defined, daily task;
Standardized conditions are needed to ensure the task is more easily accomplished;
High payment should be given to the workers who managed to successfully complete their tasks. Workers who failed to their standards, in turn, should be sanctioned and receive less compensation.
According to Taylor management must execute several new duties:
The development of a true science;
The scientific selection, education and development of workers;
Friendly, close co-operation between management and workers. .
General approach
1.Develop a standard method for performing each job
2.Select workers with appropriate abilities for each job
3.Train workers in the s ...