Geographic Distribution

Geographic Distribution Economic growth requires innovation, and it is concentrated in places that possess a well-developed technological infrastructure. This infrastructure consists of sources of knowledge. Innovation is not always successful everywhere unless it meets the requirements of the objectives of learning and teaching at a particular place. It is not always successful to apply a good innovation from one place to another because each environment is different from the other. In recent years, geographers have made fundamental contributions to our understanding of the innovation process by exploring the diffusion of innovation, the location of R&D, and the geography of high-technology industry. The article, ¡°The Geographic Sources of Innovation: Technological Infrastructure and Product Innovation in the United States,¡± Feldman and Florida examine the geographic sources of innovation, focusing specifically on the relationship between product innovation and the underlying "tec
hnological infrastructure" of particular places. This infrastructure comprises of agglomerations of firms in related manufacturing industries, geographic concentrations of industrial R&D, concentrations of university R&D, and business-service firms. Once in place, these geographic concentrations of infrastructure increase the capacity for innovation, as regions come to specialize in particular technologies and industrial sectors. Geography organizes this infrastructure by bringing together the crucial resources and inputs for the innovation process in particular places. Using a direct measure of commercial product innovation, an empirical model of the geography is presented. The model tests the hypothesis that innovation is concentrated in places that possess a well-developed ...
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