Philosophy
In Europe, West Asia, and East Asia from the 600s BCE to 1450, many philosophical thoughts developed. As time passed, some philosophies remained the same while others changed or completely disappeared. In Europe, Greek influence was evident among all forms of philosophy while in South Asia there were Chinese influences and in West Asia Arab influences.
Philosophy was first developed around 600 BCE in Ionia. The Ionians were deeply interested in the ways of being and reality and how things were born, grew, and died (Copleston 17). These thoughts, referred to as pre-Socratic beliefs, focused on finding out how nature worked and the forces that were involved in it (Stamatellos). The main philosophers of the time in Greece were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Aristotle is known for deducing that all knowledge is valuable and affects mankind and that "the unexamined life is not worth living" (Sahakian and Sahakian 32). Aristotle's teachings later translated into Latin and Arabic and other philosophers based their thoughts on his (Ellis). Another philosophy that arose at the time was Confucianism in China. It was a philosophy that dealt with making the present world and the world after death a pleasant place for all (Weiming). All these philosophies at this time period however, only dealt with spiritual and natural existences, not with technical or intellectual bases. This caused people to concentrate more on intellectual foundations in the next centuries.
In East Asia, Europe, and East Asia, new philosophies began to take shape. In China, Daoism started off as a school of thinking, then a way of rule in the Chinese empires, and finally changed into a religion (Robinson). In west Asia, Ibn Sina, more commonly known as Avicenna in the west, ...