Management and Organization
What is Management?
• The Process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people
– Efficiency
• doing things right
– Effectiveness
• doing the right things
• Management strives for:
– Low resource waste (high efficiency)
– High goal attainment (high effectiveness)
Mintzberg’s Managerial Roles
• Interpersonal
– Figurehead: symbolic head (obliged to perform a number of routing duties of a legal or social nature) i.e greeting visitor, signing
documents
– Leader: Responsible for motivation of subordinators, staffing, training
– Liaison: Maintains self-developed network of outside contacts & informers i.e acknowledge mail
• Informational
– Monitor: seek & receive internal & external info. to develop thorough understanding of org. & envi.
– Disseminator: transmits info. to members of org.
– Spokesperson: transmits info. to outsider on org.’s plans, policies etc.
• Decisional
– Entrepreneur: search org. & envi. for opportunities & initiates “improvement projects” to bring about changes (organizing strategy &
review sessions for new program)
– Disturbance handler: responsible for corrective action when facing important, unexpected disturbances
– Resource allocator: responsible for allocation of organizational resources-making or approving significant org. decision
– Negotiator: responsible for representing org. at major negotiation
Skills Needed @ Different Management Levels
• Top management: Conceptual skills
• Middle Management: Human skills (all level)
• Lower-level Management: Technical skills (specialize filed)
What is an Organization?
• A deliberate arr ...