Running Head: Without Beginning or End
Without Beginning or End
James A. Simpson
National American University
Without Beginning or End
Functions of management are without beginning or end and do not only apply to management. The four main management functions are used by thousands of people everyday without knowing what those functions are or that there is an orderly manner to the use of those functions. I submit that the functions of management are learned and used, but not exclusively at university level institutions. Managerial techniques encompass a variety of styles, thoughts, and beliefs, but four principals have endured: Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.
Planning. To write this paper I had a plan. I thought about it, I wrote down ideas, researched my ideas, and then organized my ideas into an outline to control the reader and lead them into my thoughts about functions of management. This all started with a plan. What is a plan? Planning is "determining what should be done"(Leonard and Hilgert, 2004). Webster's Dictionary definition says "the act or process of making or carrying out plans; the establishment of goals, policies, and procedures for a social or economic unit" (Merriam-Webster, 1983). I determined what needed to be in the paper. Where did I first learn about planning? At home by observing my parents make plans for vacations, large purchases, and other necessities.
Organizing. " To arrange or form into a coherent unity or functioning whole"(Merriam-Webster, 1983). To organize my ideas I arranged my ideas into functional groups. Each group has its own central idea followed by subordinate factual information to control the flow and directi ...